1 1 GNU GRUB manual 1 *************** 1 1 This is the documentation of GNU GRUB, the GRand Unified Bootloader, a 1 flexible and powerful boot loader program for a wide range of 1 architectures. 1 1 This edition documents version 2.03. 1 1 This manual is for GNU GRUB (version 2.03, 19 July 2022). 1 1 Copyright (C) 1 1999,2000,2001,2002,2004,2006,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013 Free 1 Software Foundation, Inc. 1 1 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this 1 document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, 1 Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software 1 Foundation; with no Invariant Sections. 1
1 · Introduction Capturing the spirit of GRUB · Naming convention Names of your drives in GRUB · OS-specific notes about grub tools 1 Some notes about OS-specific behaviour of GRUB 1 tools · Installation Installing GRUB on your drive · Booting How to boot different operating systems · Configuration Writing your own configuration file · Theme file format Format of GRUB theme files · Network Downloading OS images from a network · Serial terminal Using GRUB via a serial line · Vendor power-on keys Changing GRUB behaviour on vendor power-on keys · Images GRUB image files · Core image size limitation GRUB image files size limitations · Filesystem Filesystem syntax and semantics · Interface The menu and the command-line · Environment GRUB environment variables · Commands The list of available builtin commands · Internationalisation Topics relating to language support · Security Authentication, authorisation, and signatures · Platform limitations The list of platform-specific limitations · Platform-specific operations Platform-specific operations · Supported kernels The list of supported kernels · Troubleshooting Error messages produced by GRUB · Invoking grub2-install How to use the GRUB installer · Invoking grub2-mkconfig Generate a GRUB configuration file · Invoking grub2-mkpasswd-pbkdf2 1 Generate GRUB password hashes · Invoking grub2-mkrelpath Make system path relative to its root · Invoking grub2-mkrescue Make a GRUB rescue image · Invoking grub2-mount Mount a file system using GRUB · Invoking grub2-probe Probe device information for GRUB · Invoking grub2-script-check Check GRUB script file for syntax errors · Obtaining and Building GRUB How to obtain and build GRUB · Reporting bugs Where you should send a bug report · Future Some future plans on GRUB · Copying This Manual Copying This Manual · Index 1