gprof: Output Options
1
1 4.1 Output Options
1 ==================
1
1 These options specify which of several output formats 'gprof' should
1 produce.
1
1 Many of these options take an optional "symspec" to specify functions
1 to be included or excluded. These options can be specified multiple
1 times, with different symspecs, to include or exclude sets of symbols.
1 ⇒Symspecs Symspecs.
1
1 Specifying any of these options overrides the default ('-p -q'),
1 which prints a flat profile and call graph analysis for all functions.
1
1 '-A[SYMSPEC]'
1 '--annotated-source[=SYMSPEC]'
1 The '-A' option causes 'gprof' to print annotated source code. If
1 SYMSPEC is specified, print output only for matching symbols.
1 ⇒The Annotated Source Listing Annotated Source.
1
1 '-b'
1 '--brief'
1 If the '-b' option is given, 'gprof' doesn't print the verbose
1 blurbs that try to explain the meaning of all of the fields in the
1 tables. This is useful if you intend to print out the output, or
1 are tired of seeing the blurbs.
1
1 '-C[SYMSPEC]'
1 '--exec-counts[=SYMSPEC]'
1 The '-C' option causes 'gprof' to print a tally of functions and
1 the number of times each was called. If SYMSPEC is specified,
1 print tally only for matching symbols.
1
1 If the profile data file contains basic-block count records,
1 specifying the '-l' option, along with '-C', will cause basic-block
1 execution counts to be tallied and displayed.
1
1 '-i'
1 '--file-info'
1 The '-i' option causes 'gprof' to display summary information about
1 the profile data file(s) and then exit. The number of histogram,
1 call graph, and basic-block count records is displayed.
1
1 '-I DIRS'
1 '--directory-path=DIRS'
1 The '-I' option specifies a list of search directories in which to
1 find source files. Environment variable GPROF_PATH can also be
1 used to convey this information. Used mostly for annotated source
1 output.
1
1 '-J[SYMSPEC]'
1 '--no-annotated-source[=SYMSPEC]'
1 The '-J' option causes 'gprof' not to print annotated source code.
1 If SYMSPEC is specified, 'gprof' prints annotated source, but
1 excludes matching symbols.
1
1 '-L'
1 '--print-path'
1 Normally, source filenames are printed with the path component
1 suppressed. The '-L' option causes 'gprof' to print the full
1 pathname of source filenames, which is determined from symbolic
1 debugging information in the image file and is relative to the
1 directory in which the compiler was invoked.
1
1 '-p[SYMSPEC]'
1 '--flat-profile[=SYMSPEC]'
1 The '-p' option causes 'gprof' to print a flat profile. If SYMSPEC
11 is specified, print flat profile only for matching symbols. ⇒
The Flat Profile Flat Profile.
1
1 '-P[SYMSPEC]'
1 '--no-flat-profile[=SYMSPEC]'
1 The '-P' option causes 'gprof' to suppress printing a flat profile.
1 If SYMSPEC is specified, 'gprof' prints a flat profile, but
1 excludes matching symbols.
1
1 '-q[SYMSPEC]'
1 '--graph[=SYMSPEC]'
1 The '-q' option causes 'gprof' to print the call graph analysis.
1 If SYMSPEC is specified, print call graph only for matching symbols
1 and their children. ⇒The Call Graph Call Graph.
1
1 '-Q[SYMSPEC]'
1 '--no-graph[=SYMSPEC]'
1 The '-Q' option causes 'gprof' to suppress printing the call graph.
1 If SYMSPEC is specified, 'gprof' prints a call graph, but excludes
1 matching symbols.
1
1 '-t'
1 '--table-length=NUM'
1 The '-t' option causes the NUM most active source lines in each
1 source file to be listed when source annotation is enabled. The
1 default is 10.
1
1 '-y'
1 '--separate-files'
1 This option affects annotated source output only. Normally,
1 'gprof' prints annotated source files to standard-output. If this
1 option is specified, annotated source for a file named
1 'path/FILENAME' is generated in the file 'FILENAME-ann'. If the
1 underlying file system would truncate 'FILENAME-ann' so that it
1 overwrites the original 'FILENAME', 'gprof' generates annotated
1 source in the file 'FILENAME.ann' instead (if the original file
1 name has an extension, that extension is _replaced_ with '.ann').
1
1 '-Z[SYMSPEC]'
1 '--no-exec-counts[=SYMSPEC]'
1 The '-Z' option causes 'gprof' not to print a tally of functions
1 and the number of times each was called. If SYMSPEC is specified,
1 print tally, but exclude matching symbols.
1
1 '-r'
1 '--function-ordering'
1 The '--function-ordering' option causes 'gprof' to print a
1 suggested function ordering for the program based on profiling
1 data. This option suggests an ordering which may improve paging,
1 tlb and cache behavior for the program on systems which support
1 arbitrary ordering of functions in an executable.
1
1 The exact details of how to force the linker to place functions in
1 a particular order is system dependent and out of the scope of this
1 manual.
1
1 '-R MAP_FILE'
1 '--file-ordering MAP_FILE'
1 The '--file-ordering' option causes 'gprof' to print a suggested .o
1 link line ordering for the program based on profiling data. This
1 option suggests an ordering which may improve paging, tlb and cache
1 behavior for the program on systems which do not support arbitrary
1 ordering of functions in an executable.
1
1 Use of the '-a' argument is highly recommended with this option.
1
1 The MAP_FILE argument is a pathname to a file which provides
1 function name to object file mappings. The format of the file is
1 similar to the output of the program 'nm'.
1
1 c-parse.o:00000000 T yyparse
1 c-parse.o:00000004 C yyerrflag
1 c-lang.o:00000000 T maybe_objc_method_name
1 c-lang.o:00000000 T print_lang_statistics
1 c-lang.o:00000000 T recognize_objc_keyword
1 c-decl.o:00000000 T print_lang_identifier
1 c-decl.o:00000000 T print_lang_type
1 ...
1
1
1 To create a MAP_FILE with GNU 'nm', type a command like 'nm
1 --extern-only --defined-only -v --print-file-name program-name'.
1
1 '-T'
1 '--traditional'
1 The '-T' option causes 'gprof' to print its output in "traditional"
1 BSD style.
1
1 '-w WIDTH'
1 '--width=WIDTH'
1 Sets width of output lines to WIDTH. Currently only used when
1 printing the function index at the bottom of the call graph.
1
1 '-x'
1 '--all-lines'
1 This option affects annotated source output only. By default, only
1 the lines at the beginning of a basic-block are annotated. If this
1 option is specified, every line in a basic-block is annotated by
1 repeating the annotation for the first line. This behavior is
1 similar to 'tcov''s '-a'.
1
1 '--demangle[=STYLE]'
1 '--no-demangle'
1 These options control whether C++ symbol names should be demangled
1 when printing output. The default is to demangle symbols. The
1 '--no-demangle' option may be used to turn off demangling.
1 Different compilers have different mangling styles. The optional
1 demangling style argument can be used to choose an appropriate
1 demangling style for your compiler.
1