Course Number: CHS242A
Course Title: Environmental Health

STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES

General

To equip students to identify environmental health risks in the village setting and to assist people to decrease these risks.

Specific

Students will be able to:

- Know the 10 principles for health workers in the Code of Conduct of the International Red Cross (see Community Health. Wood,
  CH. AMREF, 2^nd ed. Nairobi Kenya, 1997.)
- Define confidentiality and explain why it is important for all health workers to preserve confidentiality.
- Demonstrate 3 techniques for establishing rapport with a client.
- Identify specific diseases and patterns of disease at the community level that may be related to environmental factors.
- Recognize environmental factors contributing to water-borne disease.
- Identify diseases prevalent in Micronesia that are water-borne, water-washed and water related.
- Recognize the symptoms of water-borne, water-washed and water related diseases.
- Explain the differing standards for water quality based on the various uses of water.
- Know the methods of water purification.
- Identify possible health risks of improper drainage of wastewater.
- Identify diseases prevalent in Micronesia that are vector-related.
- Identify diseases prevalent in Micronesia that are related to problems of human waste disposal.
- Learn the benefits and drawbacks of the following methods of excreta disposal: pit latrine, composting toilet, aqua-privy, cartage,
   burial, septic tanks, small sewage systems.
- Explain (to a layman) how the ventilated improved pit latrine (VIP latrine) works to control odors and flies.
- Describe aspects of the VIP latrine that must be in place for the unit to function correctly.
- Identify household sites that are and are not adequate for location of pit privies.
- Identify household sites that are and are not adequate for the location of septic tanks/drainage fields.
- Explain to the head of a household why the site of their pit privy or septic tank/drainage field is or is not adequate.
- Identify sites that are and are not adequate for keeping pigs.
- Explain (to a layman) how pigs can be involved in the spread of disease and how risks can be minimized.
- Explain (to a layman) how dogs can be involved in the spread of disease and how risks can be minimized.
- Explain (to a layman) how rats can be involved in the spread of disease and how risks can be minimized.
- Explain (to a layman) how flies can be involved in the spread of disease and how risks can be minimized.
- Describe the environmental health effects of wastewater reuse and disposal.
- Describe the effects of inadequate solid waste disposal on human health.
- Identify the different components of household solid waste and determine potential uses and/or disposal methods for each type.
- Describe the types of toxic waste present in Micronesia, identify the potential health hazards associated with the wastes, and learn
  alternative methods of disposal.
- Learn proper citing, construction, and maintenance of community refuse pits.
- Identify the symptoms of food-borne diseases.
- Define the standards of proper food safety, in preparation and in serving, both in the household and in commercial establishments
  such as stores and restaurants.
- Identify diseases prevalent in Micronesia that are air quality related.
- Use an environmental survey tool to inspect households and businesses.
- Report the results of household/business surveys to the occupants and explain the importance of findings and the ways they can be
  corrected.
- Perform an environmental intervention to prevent further spread of an identified case of dengue fever.
- Perform an environmental intervention to prevent further spread of an identified case of leptospirosis.
- Persuade people from an endemic area to take their annual dose of medicine in a filariasis eradication program.
- Identify Aedes and Culex mosquitoes by inspection.
- Explain (to a layman) the habits of Aedes mosquitoes, which diseases prevalent in Micronesia are spread by them (e.g. dengue
  fever), and specific measures that can be applied to prevent the spread of disease by Aedes mosquitoes.
- Explain (to a layman) the habits of Culex mosquitoes, which diseases prevalent in Micronesia are spread by them (e.g. filariasis,
  Japanese encephalitis), and specific measures that can be applied to prevent the spread of disease by Culex mosquitoes.
- Construct and test the effectiveness of a soda-bottle fly trap.
- Explain how to use clinic data to identify environmental health risk factors present in the community.
- Describe ways to promote hygiene and good environmental health practices within the community.
- Know how to quickly assess environmental health risks related to storm damage.
- Understand first measures to take to minimize environmental health related disease when natural disaster strikes.