autoconf: Portable C and C++

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1 13 Portable C and C++ Programming
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1 C and C++ programs often use low-level features of the underlying
1 system, and therefore are often more difficult to make portable to other
1 platforms.
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1    Several standards have been developed to help make your programs more
1 portable.  If you write programs with these standards in mind, you can
1 have greater confidence that your programs work on a wide variety of
1 systems.  ⇒Language Standards Supported by GCC (gcc)Standards,
1 for a list of C-related standards.  Many programs also assume the Posix
1 standard (http://www.opengroup.org/susv3).
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1    Some old code is written to be portable to K&R C, which predates any
1 C standard.  K&R C compilers are no longer of practical interest,
1 though, and the rest of section assumes at least C89, the first C
1 standard.
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1    Program portability is a huge topic, and this section can only
11 briefly introduce common pitfalls.  ⇒Portability between System
 Types (standards)System Portability, for more information.
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· Varieties of Unportability  How to make your programs unportable
· Integer Overflow            When integers get too large
· Preprocessor Arithmetic     `#if' expression problems
· Null Pointers               Properties of null pointers
· Buffer Overruns             Subscript errors and the like
· Volatile Objects            `volatile' and signals
· Floating Point Portability  Portable floating-point arithmetic
· Exiting Portably            Exiting and the exit status
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